Technology of laying clinker paving stone

Technology of laying clinker paving stone

Technology of manufacturing the base for clinker paving stones

Technology of grouting of clinker paving stones AMB-bruslandshaft

Installation technology of water drainage system Aco Self under clinker paving stones

Paving technology AMB-bruslandshaft (Технология мощения AMB-bruslandshaft)

 

 

In this text story we will show you how to lay clinker paving stones, and demonstrate the step-by-step preparation of the base for the paving stones. You will also see the installation of the German water drainage system ACO Self Euroline. (ACO Self Euroline) and other work related to the process of laying of clinker on this site. This textual material is intended for those who want to buy clinker paving stone or have already bought it. After reading this article, you can then read more information by clicking on link № 367 – Rules and features of laying clinker paving cobblestones

 

 

 

 Preliminary Base Check ( Предварительная Проверка основания)

 

Preparatory Base Check (Предварительная Проверка основания)

Before construction begins, professionals will have to thoroughly inspect the landscape surface.   This is a very important moment for any customer who is currently purchased clinker paving stones or will only buy goods of a similar nature. Specialist investigates the existing base and evaluates the work to be done, and calculates the expense of materials. Also agrees on the technology of laying clinker with the customer, gives an exact description of the expected result of the work, based on his personal practice.

 Now we see a base that was made before us four years ago.  It looks very worn. The paving slabs had sprawled, the paving stones had repeatedly frozen over, absorbing moisture, and as a result were all broken. There were large weed growths at the joints and pits and dips in the pavement areas. Slopes were not maintained and water was not directed away. Such a landscape is under constant strain, gives a tired look to the house grounds, and cannot be restored.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Dismantled paving stones show all the defects that were formed during use. Serious tears in the concrete, large differences in slope and numerous cracks, - all this occurs as a result of the use of the wrong technology by a specialist, or may be the result of an attempt by the customer to save on the materials used.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Such a base cannot be restored or re-laid with clinker. Only complete dismantling is permissible.

There are cases where the concrete due to insufficient density is subjected to frostbite, then peeling and flaking.  The base becomes weak and unstable.   On such a concrete base laying expensive clinker with subsequent grouting makes no sense. Since it will not give long-term results and in the end will be a waste of time and money, as for the material, and for laying. Our company defines all the nuances and makes a clear conclusion of the foundation - whether it is suitable for further use, whether it is completely dismantled or can still be restored with the following laying of clinker or other material.

Often, contractors mislead customers by offering a more economical options, while not appoint a warranty period, hide the consequences of operation - from deformation to the complete destruction of the clinker and its base.

 For example, glue for 1000 rubles. and 300 rubles. have respectively, a big difference in life. The choice between the granite or sand gravel, will also affect the density of concrete and as a consequence - the life of the product.

Since the customer has only a basic understanding of the materials used, relying on the choice of unscrupulous contractor, it is possible already dooms itself to the problems associated with the operation of the product. Specialist can choose for you the material and technology that will last strictly within their warranty period, usually only 3 years. And then, unfortunately, you will face the consequences, presented at the beginning of this video.

A competent specialist must have a wide range of services for laying clinker paving and grouting, a good portfolio of work with clinker, know the technology of laying, have experience with different materials for laying clinker and know all types of work - from making the base and ending with the finishing work.

The slightest misunderstanding between the customer and the contractor, or wrong advice from a specialist, may affect the course of events and result in gross errors, the financial losses of the customer.

We offer the most reliable exclusive technology, which is developed on the basis of our many years of practice.  We guarantee one hundred percent product quality and long-term trouble-free operation, as well as a pleasant, modern look of your area                               

                                                                    

 

Dismantling concrete, foundation (Демонтаж бетона, основания)

 

If you have purchased clinker or similar material, we recommend that you spend 10 minutes for this text video story. In it, you'll see all kinds of step-by-step work involved in laying clinker.

At the time the concrete is removed, you can see how everything is set up. The concrete itself is not reinforced, it was made with a metal mesh, which breaks down during the load, forming rough fractures. Concrete, made on crushed lime gravel. Such gravel does not give the product needed density and under the impact of moisture, is destroyed, eventually becoming crumbly, like sand.    Pay attention to the defects when you watch this episode.

And so, we made the only right decision - to get rid of the old, unusable base and make a new - strong, reliable and durable, with the correct slopes with built-in invisible water drainage system and beautifully laid paving stones.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Dismantle the concrete is made along with the base of its native substrate in order to make room for new marks and get rid of the old, deteriorated soil mixed with gravel. When dismantling the old foundation, the basement of the house is deformed, without waterproofing, and in places lined with red brick.  The method of laying red brick in the soil is strictly prohibited. Brick absorbs and leaks moisture inside the house, and during temperature changes burst and collapse. You can see that the basement has already been destroyed in some places and has cracks that let moisture in.  To fix all the defects, we will have to restore the plinth and waterproof it before we start making a new base for clinker paving.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Waterproofing works (Гидроизоляционные работы)

Waterproofing work with the basement of the house provides protection against moisture, as well as prolong the life of concrete or any other basis for many decades.  Our waterproofing technology in the market of construction services is quite rare, but we have extensive experience of this technology and successfully practice it.  Armored waterproofing strengthens the walls of concrete and keeps the heavy loads during water pressure, protects against cracking during temperature fluctuations and does not allow moisture to get into the concrete.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Waterproofing with armoring, has a denser composition than reinforced plaster, it is more reliable and practical to use. On the Russian market it is listed as a nano-material. This technology allows the waterproofing to withstand heavy loads of paving natural stone, such as granite or marble.  It also allows any glue to set and not to flake. We recommend doing this waterproofing on concrete surfaces, or any other surfaces that need to be protected from moisture, or used during restoration work on concrete and other structures. This waterproofing technology has been repeated many times in our videos - the application method is practical and the material itself is worthwhile in all respects.

 

Preparatory work for the basement (Подготовительные работы под основание)

In the preparatory work of the base, includes: removal of old soil, leveling the topography and bringing in new sand.

At the first stage we remove the old soil mixed with sand, as it is no longer suitable for further use.

 

 

 

 

 

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Then we bring the river sand - a valuable natural non-metallic material, designed for the needs of construction. This sand is more reliable. It has no impurities of clay and other materials extracted along with the sand from the river quarries. This sand is washed and sifted, so it has the name - washed sand.

Sand substrate of such sand allows you to make the base for concrete more dense and even. Also the sand will play a big part in draining water.

Sand is scattered according to given parameters and marks of the expert in all areas, where the base will be made under the paving stone, on average, up to 10 cm thick, and repeatedly tamped.

You can immediately notice a big difference between what was and what became.

 

 

 

 

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                            German Water Drainage System Ako Self. (Немецкая система отведения воды Ако Селф.)

Drainage system drainage Ako Self on quality and aesthetics has no analogues in the Russian market. Why do you need drainage on your plot?

Drainage prolongs service life.

Prevents the destruction of the foundation of the house and the base under the paving stone.

 Reduces the risk of flooding and getting into the footings.

Prevents water accumulation, reduces the risk of water sliding and freezing.

The ACO Self Euroline product range. (The ACO Self Euroline product range allows the system to be installed in any location. The channels are of different heights and lengths, so that small and large areas can be covered.  The Ako Self drainage system is deep enough to carry the water away under the concrete base. The Ako Self system also has a wide range of grids in a variety of colors.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Before installing the Ako Self system, the technician sets the slope marks and establishes the markings. The system is pre-laid out in all the places where it will be installed.

 Sand traps are installed in parallel with the rain collectors. The rain collector acts as a receiver of water from the roof system. Water runs through the roof drainpipes and enters the rain gutter, causing leaves and dirt to settle in the drainage receiver basket.

 Water from the rain collector and water drainage systems runs through the drainage pipe and enters the sand trap. The role of the sand trap is to collect residual sand from the gutters that are installed on the grounds. The sand trap has a collection basket for cleaning the debris left in it, as does the rain collector. Garbage can be easily removed manually between seasons. Remove the grate from the top of the box, take out the basket with the garbage; garbage is removed, the basket is put back in place and closed again by the grate.

 The principle of the entire system is to bind all precipitation to the roof and grounds of the landscape, then carry it off-site. This method prevents the landscape from being destroyed by water loads.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Now that the system is in a set position, it can be installed. The installation of the system is carried out in compliance with all slopes and set marks by a specialist. The installed rain collectors and sand catchers must have a perfect grade without any deviations. Boxes themselves are concreted at a level just above the mark of the concrete, taking into account the laying of the clinker. If the boxes are not installed correctly, this will completely disrupt the water drainage and the appearance of the clinker laid afterwards. Since the clinker can become higher or lower than the gutters, creating defects and the appearance of not properly laid gutters, the removal of the gutters will not be possible. Therefore, their level must be repeatedly checked by a professional device, before and after the work.

The system is assembled into a single continuous structure around the circumference of the house and where there are roof drains systems. Then, the system is led outside the site or connected to the general city drainage. Thus, the water from the roof of your home will cease to fall on the open surface of the site and will not flood your lawn.

Separate buildings on the plot we tie in the same way.  Sometimes systems can be separated from each other as they are loaded - at the discretion of a professional. This is done to relieve large water collection systems and prevent flooding.  Drainage gutters are installed during the installation of the clinker. Grates are purchased in the desired color from the catalog.  However, if the catalog does not include the desired color, we will repaint the grids according to the color of the clinker.  We match the color to the clinker, we paint it with powder paint, dry it in an oven and get a perfect result, while saving you money.И так, немецкие системы Ако Селф очень удобны в применении, смотрятся  дорого  и   придают отличный внешний вид вашему ландшафту.

Contact us for purchase and installation  ACO Self Euroline, as we are professionals in the installation of the system.

 

 

 

Marks for the foundation (Отметки под основание)

The marks under the base are set by a specialist based on the thickness of the base and its slope. The level is marked off with a special device, and then the cords are marked and installed. The cord maintains the thickness of the cushion of the new base and sets the direction of the slopes, which will then be exhibited by the formwork and beacons.  Correct marks and smooth gradients of the slopes are an important point in the preparation of the foundation. Even a minor slope error can lead to negative consequences. It's important to set everything to the millimeter, and try not to miss anything. Proper smooth and inconspicuous slopes will play a big role on the appearance of the paving stones and the drainage of water from your plot. When making the base, you can not resort to the typical methods of construction and even more so - to do by eye. It is necessary to resort to the help of a specialist with professional equipment.

 

 

 

 

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Formwork (Опалубка)

After all the marks have been set, the formwork is exposed.  Please note that the formwork is placed outside the limits of the installed ACO Self Euroline. (Ако Селф Евролайн)..  This will allow us to then concrete ACO Self Self troughs, making them a single structure with the concrete. Made by this technology gutters will stand firmly and subsequently will not depart from the base and will not lose their gradient. Installed gutters on top of the concrete will lie strong and durable.

 

 

 

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Granite gravel (Гранитный щебень)

Granite gravel is the basic material used for reinforced concrete products and structures, it has high density and frost resistance. It is used in landscape construction in the manufacture of pads, sidewalks, parking lots or recreation areas. In our case, granite gravel is used strictly under the concrete base. Spread evenly up to 10 cm thick and tamped repeatedly with a vibratory plate. Now we see a fully prepared base, the formwork marks, and how the invisible system of water drainage Ako Self is arranged in general. Such a cushion is considered the most reliable, has no analogues in quality and durability. On such a cushion, the concrete will last forever, and the water drainage system will stand tight and reliable.

 

 

 

 

 

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Reinforcing the base (Армирование основания)

Reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures is installed mainly to absorb tensile forces and reinforcements. The necessary amount of reinforcement is determined from the calculation of the structural elements and certain loads on the foundation or other elements of impact.

Reinforcement installed by calculation is called a working reinforcement; reinforcement installed for constructive and technological reasons is called an installation reinforcement. The mounting reinforcement provides the project position of the working reinforcement in the structure and distributes the forces more evenly between the individual rods of the working reinforcement and the concrete. In addition, the reinforcement can support the forces resulting from concrete settlement, temperature changes in the structure and other factors that are usually not taken into consideration by the design. A reinforcement base is a critical part of the concrete structure that prevents the concrete from separating and cracking due to temperature fluctuations. Reinforced base is considered the most reliable, reinforces concrete structures and prevents cracking. Withstands heavy traffic loads and groundwater loads. Reinforced base increases the service life of concrete for many decades.  Also, very importantly, in our case is concreted all the sites, paths, sidewalks. The junctions are bound both with the old structures of the house plinth and concrete walls, as well as with new constructions. This method of reinforcement does not allow the pads to walk, and makes the design of the entire base under the paving stones unified. Also, our company does not use lightly reinforced materials, such as mesh or reinforcement of a smaller diameter. And we don't use thermal joints during the production of concrete base for paving stones, about which we will tell a little later.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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The Beacons (Маяки)

The installation of beacons makes it possible to make the foundation strictly according to the level of the set marks, without its deviation. The use of beacons makes further work with concrete practical. It also makes the base more straight and smooth. This method is the most suitable for the manufacture of the base under the clinker paving and ensures that your base will not be disturbed, and all the necessary slopes will be implemented. The exposed beacon, before pouring the concrete, is once again checked by a specialist for level and slope. The beacon is the final part of the work before pouring concrete.  It limits the height and all the marks. Do not pour concrete by eye without a beacon in place.  We strongly recommend not using this method, as you will end up having to correct improper slopes, consuming additional materials and a lot of time to fix.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Concretework (Бетонирование)

 

The most popular material in modern construction is concrete. Minimal costs for its manufacture, high strength, versatility of application - this is an incomplete list of features of this material, which we use for the manufacture of concrete base for clinker.

The "heavy" mixtures of grade M350 are in the greatest demand. This variety is highly resistant to external influences and has a large margin of safety. Also during the manufacture of concrete used crushed granite, which is many times superior in quality and density of gravel rubble.

Concrete grade m-350 is used in the construction of high-strength objects and reinforced concrete structures such as - monolithic foundations, walls, columns and load-bearing supports for structures, slabs for floors with reduced mass and high strength. Reinforced concrete structures made by piled raft technology. Slabs for airfields and roads, intended for the passage of heavy equipment. As well as the manufacture of sites for parking lots or pedestrian zones.

In our case, we use concrete grade m- 350 for pedestrian areas, platforms, staircases, retaining walls and other additional structures

 

For long distances we use transport pumps.  They allow to do the work carefully, quickly and without any interferences. Thus the level of the beacons is not disturbed, the reinforcement is not crushed, and the work itself proceeds on time and without heavy physical strain. The concrete is spread over all sites and paths, and then pulled down and leveled on the beacons.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Please note, we do not use thermal seams technology. Based on our many years of practice in concrete work and construction of sites, we do not use thermal seams on sites, sidewalks and paths, because thermal seams in our climatic conditions, namely with freezing and melting of the soil, create repeated pressure by frost and water on the concrete base. The ground presses out large slabs that are not anchored or have low thickness of concrete. As a result, paving slabs placed on thermal seams crack and come off.  Concrete backsplashes with thermal seams become floating like separately laid slabs that are not tied into a single structure.  It's like bringing ready-made slabs from the factory and laying them between each other, laying a board or polystyrene board gasket between them, as we've seen before.  Slabs immediately begin to walk, slip from the adjacency to the house, forming gaps, and between the thermal joints there is a difference of slabs or dips.

 On such a concrete base with thermal seams, we usually refuse to lay clinker paving stones.   As a last resort, to lay clinker on such a base, we use restoration of concrete or soldering of concrete joints, removing thermal seams.

Also, often, many workers use to save concrete, expecting not a large thickness of the sites in the order of 10 cm or less, thus making the base construction cheaper and reducing the budget.  However, concrete with a thickness of 10 cm or less is easily exposed to freezing, and subsequently to destruction from moisture, quickly weakens and can lead to cracking and failures.

Strong base made of concrete without thermal seams is much more reliable and more durable, it does not deform and does not succumb to pressure, is protected from freezing and moisture penetration, reliably lies and works as a single structure. We have tested such a base for many years of use - it is safer and will not cause damage to paving stones laid on it.

During the concreting process, pay attention to the water drainage system ACO Self Euroline. (Ако Селф Евролайн). All boxes remain securely in the concrete, a notch is visible for further installation of drainage gutters on the adhesive composition. This allows us to install the gutters are not outside of the concrete areas, which leads them to an unstable installation, and on the very structure of the concrete. Now the gutters will not move anywhere and will remain so for dozens of years. This method of water drainage system is considered the most reliable and durable.

 

 

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All beacons are removed after the concrete dries completely, and the remaining joints are sealed with a special winter glue. Now you can see the fully finished base under the clinker, which creates a single structure and does not have a single thermal joint.  Such a base will last for the clinker reliably and for a long time!

We recommend that you contact our experts to implement this technology on your site. You will receive full information on all kinds of works!

 

 

 

 

 

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Concrete waterproofing (Гидроизоляция бетона)

In order to prevent concrete from freezing and protect it from moisture penetration, we use protective coatings - waterproofing compositions. During severe temperature fluctuations, the top layer of concrete from moisture freezes and cracks. The laid clinker over the years can come away from such loads, along with a thin base of concrete. Two-component waterproofing applied to the concrete base allows you to protect the concrete from moisture and freezing. Also waterproofing gives a good adhesion to the adhesive and increases its service life. Waterproofing not only protects the concrete, but also levels it when applied, making the base finish for laying clinker.

We do not often use this method, as it entails additional costs, and not many people know about it. However, we always recommend that customers use this coating to further protect the concrete. Thus increasing the service life of clinker and warranty. You can additionally watch our video - stories, where we use this technology.

 

 

 

 

 

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Layout of clinker paving stones (Раскладка клинкерной брусчатки)

When we have prepared the base, it is necessary to make layouts and see if the corners match 90 degrees, if all the marks of the sides converge on the perimeter.  This is done in order to avoid additional cuts, to make the clinker more symmetrical, and also to check whether the distances correspond to the given project or the layout. All layouts are laid out and measured in advance and only after approval by the customer can the laying be started.

 

Marking helps you avoid extra work to correct misalignments, curb and border abutments, house abutments, or additional structures. This technique will make your clinker pavers even, without narrowing seams or additional trimming . Facilitates work and maintains aesthetic appearance.

 

 

 

 

 

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Laying of clinker paving stones (Укладка клинкерной брусчатки)

Before all clinker installation work begins, the substrate should be primed. Priming helps to get rid of excess dust and prepare the substrate for good adhesion to the adhesive. Laying paving stone without a primer will result in poor adhesion of the adhesive. And laid clinker over the years can move away from the base and allow the penetration of moisture. The process of destruction will be gradual, not perceptible to the eye, but will eventually lead to the slow deterioration of other areas. Primer is an essential part for bonding the adhesive before laying the clinker, strengthens the substrate and gets rid of dust.

 

 

 

After priming, the specialized adhesive is prepared and applied to the primed substrate. The adhesive is applied with a trowel in the middle layer and then evenly diluted with a toothed trowel. During the laying of clinker should not be sorry for the glue composition and try to make a layer of glue thinner to save money. The glue should be enough, so that during the laying, the clinker is laid on it freely, and formed an even bond over the entire plane of the paving stone.

 

 

 

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During installation, the clinker is pressed down. Periodically, a level should be applied to keep the joint flat and level. After laying small areas, the clinker is corrected with crosses.

The crosses allow you to make the joints even and maintain the correct order of the paving stones. It is important to put crosses on each paving stone and not to miss any joints. If the correction is not made in time, it will entail additional work.

 

Great attention should be paid to the initial stage of laying clinker. A minor mistake will eventually lead to a deflection of the joint, the clinker brick will be disturbed.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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This text material is intended for those who want to buy clinker paving stones or have already purchased them.

Clinker is a high-strength brick, its price is fully consistent with the quality. Therefore, when you buy clinker, you can be sure of long-term use. However, it is worth a competent approach to its laying, have experience working with it, know the technology of paving and the subtleties of its future maintenance.

There are several ways of laying clinker by craftsmen.  Some press it with hammers, and some by rolling. During paving, an assistant must be present at the master's side to cut and feed the clinker. The master should not do everything himself and at the same time, because because of the frequent walking on the clinker is spreading dust, and the bricks themselves quickly become dirty.

After laying the areas, it is necessary to cover the clinker. This will protect the joints from dirt and fallen leaves from trees, and the application of grout will be of higher quality. Do not allow the adhesive to get on the paving stone. And if it happens, you must immediately get rid of it. Dried glue will be impossible to remove from the clinker, you will have to replace the ruined paving stone with a new one.

 

Granite paving stone is laid as a curbstone. It divides the borders between the clinker, backsplashes and grounds, creates an additional pattern, thus giving an artistic look. The method of laying granite paving stone with clinker, we have used more than once. There is a wide range of granite paving stone and clinker. You can easily find these materials, which would match each other in color.

 

 

 

 

 

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However, it is more difficult to lay granite paving stones. It requires more glue consumption. With the proper layout of granite paving, you can create an even pattern for the clinker, hide its undercuts and adjacencies. Due to the small size of the granite paving stone, it is better for smooth curves and turns of 90 degrees. In quality granite paving stone is not inferior to clinker. Granite paving stone is very popular in landscape construction, as well as in urban construction.  If you are interested in this work, please contact us, and we will surely help you choose clinker or granite paving stone, as well as make its laying.

 

And now notice how the clinker looks without grout. It already looks great, all the borders are accentuated, we see a single plane.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Clinker protection before grouting (Защита клинкера перед затиркой)

An important point before grouting clinker is to protect it from dirt or moisture entering the joints. To protect the clinker, we use a dense coating applied immediately after laying the paving stones.   A protective, reinforced film is formed over the entire area, so that the clinker stays clean and there is no need for additional cleaning.

 

 

 

 

 

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Grouting of clinker paving stones (Затирка клинкерной брусчатки)

The grout is stirred and filled into the flask of the installation gun. The method of filling is the craftsman's choice, as is the grouting method itself.

The grout is then pumped into the joints through the gun. The process of applying grout to the joints is long and requires a lot of attention and care. The gun must be sealed. The application is done without getting grout on the clinker paving stones. The grout goes deep into the gaps, dries and then rubs off.

 

 Now we will show you how it happens from all sides. Notice how the grout goes in easily and deeply, leaving no gaps. Quality, even application.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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When we have waited until it is completely dry, we can start the rubbing. The rubbing is done without a lot of pressure. The seam should remain flat and neat, with a small groove, thus acquiring an artistic appearance.

 

 

 

 

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We want to draw your attention to the fact that the grouting of clinker paving stones is a high-tech work, and should be performed according to instructions by experienced craftsmen. Therefore, you should not try to make grouting yourself, without any skills, otherwise you risk to be left with stained paving stones on your site. Now you can see the final result and proceed to the restoration work on the landscape.

 

Rehabilitation work (Восстановительные работы)

Rehabilitation work includes, replacing old lighting with new, leveling the topography and cleaning the clinker. Engineering work is best done right away. You shouldn't, for example, reinstall lighting on a new landscape, as you'll have to re-clean or repair landscape defects made during installation of the lighting.

After installation work, we bring in new soil, level the landscape, roll turf or make seed.

Next, the clinker is washed and prepared for handing over.

 

 

 

 

 

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Now you can see the completely finished areas. Notice the difference in the appearance of the area before and after our work. Here we applied our verified technology using modern quality materials.  And if you are interested in restoration of the landscape on your site, laying clinker or reanimation of its base, please contact our experts. We are sure that the result will surpass all your expectations!